In modern industrial dairy farming, the full realisation of the genetic potential of animals remains a complex challenge. In practice, actual productivity often does not correspond to theoretical calculations because of technological errors, unaccounted environmental factors, and hidden disturbances in the system of supplying animals with nutrients. This determines the need to introduce systematic auditing as a tool for operational control and correction of production processes. The purpose of the study was to provide a theoretical and methodological justification for a comprehensive protocol for auditing the feeding system to identify technological discrepancies and to create a conceptual model for organising experimental studies and interpreting their results correctly. The study was based on a systems approach to evaluating the entire feeding chain. The methods used included comparative analysis, zootechnical control, and interpretation of biochemical indicators of the physiological state, particularly milk urea level. A detailed audit algorithm consisting of six sequential steps was developed. The first stage involved a detailed analysis of the current situation by comparing calculated rations with actual productivity data and reproduction indicators. Feed quality was assessed in parallel, including an audit of storage conditions, conservation technologies, and the physicochemical properties of ingredients. The next block focused on operational processes of preparing and distributing the feed mixture: loading accuracy, mixing time, and uniform distribution of components are controlled. Intake monitoring involved analysing animal behaviour, assessing the amount of refusals, and identifying separation of feed particles. The final stages included assessment of the physiological state of the herd, particularly body condition, rumen fill, and rumination intensity. The audit ended with a comprehensive interpretation of milk composition. Special attention was given to the use of the urea indicator as a marker of protein and energy use efficiency, which supports prompt correction of feeding. Introduction of the protocol helps specialists identify “bottlenecks” in the production cycle, reduce feed costs per unit of output, prevent the development of metabolic disorders, and ensure maximum realisation of the biological capacity of a high-producing herd
technological control; milk urea; feed conversion; physiological state, biological potential; management algorithm; quality of raw milk