Micropropagation of grapes is used to obtain original and certified planting material for planting mother plants. The decrease in the efficiency of microclonal reproduction is associated with difficulties at the stages of introducing explants into in vitro culture and rooting. The method of etiolation is simple to use and allows you to prevent phenolic oxidation of explants, has a positive effect on increasing the length of shoots and the number of roots. The purpose of the research was to determine the effectiveness of etiolation at the stages of introducing explants and rooting microcuttings in in vitro culture. The work was carried out in the laboratory of in vitro grape culture of the department of grape nursery, propagation and biotechnology of the National Scientific Centre "V.Ye. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking" NAAS of Ukraine according to the generally accepted method on table, technical and grafted varieties of grapes. Etiolation was applied in two stages: introduction of initial grape explants into in vitro culture (for 7, 15, and 25 days) and rooting of grape microcuttings (for 7 and 15 days). The survival and proliferation of explants, the main biometric indicators of growth and development of microclones were determined. It was established that at the stage of introduction of initial explants of grapes into in vitro culture, the use of etiolation for 15 days, and at the stage of micropropagation - for 7 days, had a positive effect on rooting, proliferation of axillary buds and further development of explants and microcuttings. The height of the stem of the experimental microclones was 0.6-2.6 cm higher, and the number of leaves was 0.4-0.9 more than that of the control plants. Also, etiolation had a positive effect on the increase in the length and biomass of roots in microcuttings. In the future, it is planned to analyze changes in the in vitro reproduction coefficient of various grape varieties under the influence of etiolation
grapes, etiolation, initial explants, microcuttings, survival, proliferation, shoot length, roots
[1] Vlasov, V.V. (Ed.). (2015). System of certified grape nurseries of Ukraine. Kyiv: Agricultural science.
[2] Yancheva, S., Marchev, P., Yaneva, V., Roichev, V., & Tsvetkov, I. (2018). In vitro propagation of grape cultivars and rootstocks for production of pre-basic planting material. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 24(5), 801-806.
[3] Golino, D.A., Fuchs, M., Sim, S., Farrar, K., & Martelli, G.P. (2017). Improvement of grapevine planting stock through sanitary selection and pathogen elimination. In Grapevine viruses: Molecular biology, diagnostics and management (pp. 561-579). Cham: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-57706-7_27.
[4] Zelenianskaia, N.N. (2009). Grape propagation technology using in vitro tissue culture. Grape, 3, 50-53.
[5] Litz, R.E. (Ed.). (2020). Biotechnology of fruit and nut crops. Boston: CABI Publishing.
[6] Peros, J.-P. (1998). Variability among Vitis vinifera cultivars in micropropagation, organogenesis and antibiotic sensitivity. Journal of Experimental Botany, 49(319), 171-179. doi: 10.1093/jxb/49.319.171.
[7] Torregrosa, L., Bouquet, A., & Goussard, P.G. (2000). In vitro culture and propagation of grapevine. In K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (Ed.), Molecular biology and biotechnology of grapevine (pp. 195-240). Dordrecht: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-94-017-2308-4_12.
[8] Tasiu, I. (2015). Adjustments to in vitro culture conditions and associated anomalies in plants. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 57/2, 9-28. doi: 10.1515/abcsb-2015-0026.
[9] Sharma, H.C., Sharma, R.R., & Goswami, A.M. (1995). Effect of etiolation on polyphenol oxidase activity in shoots of grape and its subsequent in vitro survival. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 52(2), 104-107.
[10] Kalynyn, F.L., Kushnyr, H.P., & Sarnatska, V.V. (1992). Technology of microclonal propagation of plants. Kyiv: Scientifical thought.
[11] Skrypchenko, N.V. (2009). Dynamics of the content of phenolic substances in actinidia shoots and regeneration capacity during reproduction. Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University. Series “Biology”, 1(16), 63-67.
[12] Singh, S.K., Khawale, R.N., & Singh, S.P. (2002). Effect of season, type of explant and pre-treatments to minimize polyphenols exudation on in-vitro culture establishment in grape. Іndian Journal of Horticulture, 59(3), 233-238.
[13] Podhaietskyi, A.A., Matskevych, V.V., & Podhaietskyi, A.A. (2018). Peculiarities of microclonal propagation of plant species. Bila Tserkva: BNAU.
[14] Rodrigues, A.A.J., et al. (2017). Artificial light and growth regulators on the in vitro etiolation of Cattleya labiata. Revista Ciencia Agronomica, 48(2), 296-302. doi: 10.5935/1806-6690.20170034.
[15] Smith, D.L. (1989). Ethylene associated phase change from juvenile to mature phenotype of daylily. Physiologia Plantarum, 76, 466-473. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1989.tb05464.x.
[16] Marks, T.R. (1991). Rhododendron cuttings. I. Improved rooting following ?rejuvenation’ in vitro. Journal of Horticultural Science, 66, 103-111. doi: 10.1080/00221589.1991.11516131.
[17] Zimmerman, R.H. (1983). Factors affecting in vitro propagation of apple cultivars. Acta Horticulturae, 131, 171-178. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1983.131.19.
[18] Osorio, C.R., Velásquez, F.A.G., Correal, A.G., Torres, B., & Urrea, A. (2018). In vitro propagation of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass through morphogenesis. Acta Agronómica, 67(1), 160-167. doi:10.15446/acag.v67n1.61474.
[19] Monteuuis, O., & Bon, M. (2000). Influence of auxins and darkness on in vitro rooting of micropropagated shoots from mature and juvenile Acacia mangium. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 63, 173-177. doi: 10.1023/A:1010611126950.
[20] Gray, D., Li, Z., Dutt, M., & Dhekney, S. (2008). Transgenic plants from shoot apical meristems of Vitis vinifera L. “Thompson Seedless” via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Plant Cell Reports, 26(12), 2101-2110. doi: 10.1007/s00299-007-0424-6.