The article highlights the issues of field germination of winter wheat seeds depending on varietal characteristics and weather conditions during sowing and germination, which was the purpose of the study. It was found that the field germination of winter wheat seeds, in addition to laboratory germination, sown seeds and the quality of pre-sowing soil preparation, is influenced by weather conditions during the period of sowing and germination. It was found that the sum of active temperatures at 117.5 0C, an average daily air temperature of +11.8 oC and a moisture deficit led to a decrease in the percentage of field germination of seeds to 76%. In 2018, the period of sowing and germination was characterised by sufficient moisture supply, with precipitation 28.2% higher than the long-term average, which ensured field germination at 82%. The most favourable periods of sowing and germination were in 2019 and 2020, which ensured field germination of 86% and 83%, respectively. It was found that the field germination of seeds with the same laboratory germination of sown seeds did not depend on varietal characteristics. On average, over five years, in medium-early and medium-ripening varieties, it was 81%, with fluctuations in varieties from 80% to 83%.
air temperature, sum of active temperatures, precipitation, moisture deficit, productive moisture
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