Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine

Genetic features of tarpan-like horses of the polish primitive (the konik) breed and establishment of phylogenetic of ancient eguids using the ISSR-PCR mark

V. Dzitsiuk, L. Starodub, T. Dyman
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Abstract

Determining the origin of domestic horses and the features of their genetic structure is now carried out using DNA technologies. The aim of the work is to identify intraspecific genetic variability of tarpan horses of the Polish grasshopper breed and to establish phylogenetic relationships between ancient equids (Pleistocene horse, true tarpan) using ISSR-PCR. Horses of the Polish grasshopper breed (10 head) from the Yavoriv National Nature Park of the Lviv region were used for the research. and fossil remains of horse bones from the Pleistocene period (about 10,000 BC). Genetic structure and interbreed differentiation were carried out using eight ISSR marker systems. The obtained results of the research indicate a high degree of consolidation of horses of the Polish grasshopper breed based on the revealed value of the share of polymorphic loci (P) and the index of information content of polymorphism (PIC). The polylocus spectra of ISSR-PCR site amplification products were breed-specific for the studied horses. According to Nei's method (Nei, 1978) using ISSR markers, genetic distances were calculated and phylogenetic relationships between the Pleistocene horse, the true tarpan and the Polish grasshopper were established. It was established that the genetic distance between the Polish grasshopper and the Pleistocene horse is DN = 0.0881, and between the Polish grasshopper and the real tarpan - DN = 0.0845, which indicates the presence of phylogenetic connections between modern horses and ancient equids. Species-specific intermicrosatellite DNA regions with a size of 380-400 bp and 500-520 bp for the domestic horse (Equus saballus) were identified. Genotyping of the spectra of amplification products using inter-microsatellite primers makes it possible to reliably detect interbreed differences in horses and establish phylogenetic relationships between them

Keywords

ISSR-PCR markers, intermicrosatellite DNA fragments, tarpan horses, phylogenetic relationships

Suggested citation
Dzitsiuk, V., Starodub, L., & Dyman, T. (2023). Genetic features of tarpan-like horses of the polish primitive (the konik) breed and establishment of phylogenetic of ancient eguids using the ISSR-PCR mark. Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi1(101).2023.002
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