Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine

Biotesting of petroleum sorbents on the basis of polymer waste

О. Malyshevska
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Abstract

Introduction.Two ecologically dangerous problems have been solved - water pollution by oil products and the growth of polymer packaging in the share of household waste. The goal to biotest the change of oil-contaminated environment during purification in model conditions with the use of polymer hydrophobic sorbents from raw materials extracted from solid household waste as bioremediators. Objectives: to Біологія, біотехнологія, екологія Малишевська О. С. № 3 (91), 2021 Наукові доповіді НУБіП України ISSN 2223-1609 establish the biological and toxicological safety of the use of secondary polymer raw materials from packaging waste as oil sorbents; to investigate the safety of using environmentally friendly surfactants from vegetable raw materials common in Ukraine to increase the extraction of petroleum products from water. Methods and techniques: toxicological - determination of water toxicity on Daphnia magna acute according to ISO 6341: 1996, MOD and chronic according to ISO 10706: 2000, MOD, photometric method for determining the amount of oil in water according to GOST 17.1.4.01-80. Results. The mortality rates of daphnia in all samples with sorbents at the beginning of the experiment were much lower than in the control, because the bulk of the contaminant was adsorbed on the surface of hydrophobic sorbents. At the end of the experiment, the best result in terms of the number of viable daphnia was observed in the cut of a sorbent made of polypropylene, the surface of which is covered with surfactants extracted from Milnyanka medicinal (Saponaria officinalis L). In this sample, the mortality of the test culture is 23%, which is 32% less than the control - 72%. Conclusions. Sorption material based on polymeric secondary raw materials did not have a toxic effecton Daphnia magna in the process of purification of water from hydrocarbons and was effective in purification of water-oil mixture from oil (92.4%). Require further in-depth toxicological studies of PVC-based sorbents under the influence of changes in temperature and the reaction of other test organisms

Keywords

biotesting, Daphnia magna, toxicological researches, oil sorbents, purification of water from oil, processing of polymers, sorbents from polymers

Suggested citation
Malyshevska, О. (2021). Biotesting of petroleum sorbents on the basis of polymer waste. Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 17(3),19-28. https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2021.03.002
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