The results of the researches got in the of long duration field experiments during 1971–2007 are represented in the article. A research aim was a design of fertility of soil and productivity of winter-annual grain-crops depending on natural and agrotechnical measures in South Steppe of Ukraine. Researches executed on the experienced field of the Odesa state agricultural experimental station of the National academy of agrarian sciences of Ukraine. It is set on results research, that with the increase of norm of bringing of mineral nitrogen in composition the organic-mineral systems of fertilizer gets worse structurally aggregate composition of black earth south due to the increase of him blocky factions. Certainly, that the of long duration systematic use of the organic-mineral systems of fertilizer on black earth south positively influences on water resistance of soil, maintenance of general nitrogen and his factions. It is found out, that the most deep changes take place for the use of the mineral system of fertilizer. Certainly, that bringing of complete mineral fertilizer with the different norms of nitrogen improves the trophic mode of soil and promotes the indexes of tension of the Mineralization processes, and also productivity of crop rotation in middle on 10,5%, that represents the increase of effective fertility of black earth south. From investigational variants with application of the organic-mineral systems of fertilizer in South Steppe of Ukraine, most favorable not only after the level of the productivity but also after the coefficient of humification a variant appeared with the annual bringing of organic and mineral fertilizers
winter-annual grain-crops, crop rotation, organic-mineral systems of fertilizer, fertility of soil, productivity, design