The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of biostimulants for improving growth processes and increasing soybean yields in the region. The studies were conducted on chernozem soils of medium fertility, optimal for growing legumes. The sites were divided into four groups: a control group, a group with the introduction of Bioglobin, a group with Rizohumin, and a group with the combined use of both drugs. The main parameters for evaluating the effectiveness of drugs were the number of beans per plant, the number of seeds in the bean, the weight of 1,000 seeds, and the protein and oil content in the seeds. It was found that a separate application of Bioglobin improves the photosynthetic activity of plants, contributing to intensive growth and development of leaf mass, while Rizohumin actively stimulates the development of root nodules, increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fixation and providing the plant with nitrogen. The combined use of Bioglobin and Rizohumin gave the best results, significantly increasing the overall yield and quality of soybean seeds. The synergistic effect of the drugs contributed to an increase in the weight of 1,000 seeds, the number of beans per plant, and the protein and oil content in the seeds. This showed that the use of Bioglobin and Rizohumin in a complex is an effective strategy for improving soybean productivity, reducing the need for chemical fertilisers and improving the environmental sustainability of agricultural production. The results obtained indicate a significant potential of biologics to increase soybean yields in the region and are valuable for agricultural producers who seek to optimise growing conditions without additional costs for mineral fertilisers
nitrogen fixation, fertility, inoculation, yield, plant nutrition
[1] AbdElgawad, H., Abuelsoud, W., Madany, M.M., Selim, S., Zinta, G., Mousa, A.S., & Hozzein, W.N. (2020). Actinomycetes enrich soil rhizosphere and improve seed quality as well as productivity of legumes by boosting nitrogen availability and metabolism. Biomolecules, 10(12), article number 1675. doi: 10.3390/biom10121675.
[2] AgroStory. (2024). Main soil types in Ukraine and their characteristics. Retrieved from https://agrostory.com/uk/info-centr/agronomist/osnovnye-tipy-pochv-ukrainy-i-ikh-kharakteristika-2/.
[3] Berdin, S.I., Murach, O.M., Zubko, O.M., & Kriuchko, L.V. (2024). Dynamics of the formation of generative organs of the soybean plant under the influence of preparation for seed pre-sowing treatment. Tavrian Scientific Bulletin, 137, 28-34. doi: 10.32782/2226-0099.2024.137.4.
[4] Bhunia, S., Bhowmik, A., Mallick, R., & Mukherjee, J. (2021). Agronomic efficiency of animal-derived organic fertilizers and their effects on biology and fertility of soil: A review. Agronomy, 11(5), article number 823. doi: 10.3390/agronomy11050823.
[5] Cai, J.-S., Feng, J.-Y., Ni, Z.-J., Ma, R.-H., Thakur, K., Wang, S., Hu, F., Zhang, J.-G., & Wei, Z.-J. (2021). An update on the nutritional, functional, sensory characteristics of soy products, and applications of new processing strategies. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 112, 676-689. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.039.
[6] Chaika, T.O., Liashenko, V.V., & Khomenko, B.S. (2023). The impact of seed inoculation on soybean yield under organic cultivation technology. Tavrian Scientific Bulletin, 133, 180-187. doi: 10.32782/2226-0099.2023.133.24.
[7] Convention on Biological Diversity. (1992). Retrieved from https://www.absfocalpoint.nl/en/show-10/convention-on-biological-diversity-2.htm.
[8] Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. (1973). Retrieved from https://cites.org/eng/disc/text.php.
[9] Didur, I.M., & Tsyhanskyi, V. (2023). Formation of the photosynthetic productivity of soybean crops under a biologized food system. Agriculture and Forestry, 30(3), 44-56. doi: 10.37128/2707-5826-2023-3-4.
[10] Elhaissoufi, W., Ghoulam, C., Barakat, A., Zeroual, Y., & Bargaz, A. (2022). Phosphate bacterial solubilization: a key rhizosphere driving force enabling higher P use efficiency and crop productivity. Journal of Advanced Research, 38, 13-28. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.014.
[11] Elhalis, H., Chin, X.H., & Chow, Y. (2024). Soybean fermentation: Microbial ecology and starter culture technology. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 64(21), 7648-7670. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2188951.
[12] Fedoruk, I.V. (2021). Varietal productivity of soybean grain depending on seed inoculation and microfertiliser application in the western forest-steppe. Kamianets-Podilskyi: Higher Educational Institution “Podillia State University”.
[13] Ghoroghi, M., Estaji, S., Tayouri, M.I., Jahanmardi, R., Nobre, M.A., & Khonakdar, H.A. (2024). Investigation of physico-mechanical, thermal, morphological, and antibacterial effects of bio-based epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer on PLA-ZnO nanocomposites as flexible food packaging. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 17(9), article number 105928. doi: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.105928.
[14] Guo, B., Sun, L., Jiang, S., Ren, H., Sun, R., Wei, Z., & Qiu, L.J. (2022). Soybean genetic resources contributing to sustainable protein production. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 135(11), 4095-4121. doi: 10.1007/s00122-022-04222-9.
[15] Jat, G., Sharma, S.K., Meena, R.H., Choudhary, R., Choudhary, R.S., & Yadav, S.K. (2021). Studies on effect of zinc application on quality and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) under typic haplustepts soil. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences, 9(1), 188-193. doi: 10.18782/2582-2845.8511.
[16] Khan, M.A., Sahile, A.A., Jan, R., Asaf, S., Hamayun, M., Imran, M., & Lee, I.J. (2021). Halotolerant bacteria mitigate the effects of salinity stress on soybean growth by regulating secondary metabolites and molecular responses. BMC Plant Biology, 21, article number 176. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-02937-3.
[17] Komok, M.S., & Pirig, O.V. (2014). Biopreparation of complex action Rizogumin in modern technologies of legumes cultivation. Retrieved from https://www.kdpu-nt.gov.ua/uk/content/biopreparat-kompleksnoyi-diyi-ryzogumin-u-suchasnyh-tehnologiyah-vyroshchuvannya-bobovyh.
[18] Korres, N.E., Norsworthy, J.K., Mauromoustakos, A., & Williams II, M.M. (2020). Soybean density and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) establishment time: Effects on weed biology, crop yield, and economic returns. Weed Science, 68(5), 467-475. doi: 10.1017/wsc.2020.41.
[19] Krutilo, D., & Volkohon, V. (2024). Improved rhizohumine for soya. Retrieved from https://a7d.com.ua/plants/39928-vdoskonaleniy-rizogumn-dlya-soyi.html.
[20] Laskar, I.B., Deshmukhya, T., Bhanja, P., Paul, B., Gupta, R., & Chatterjee, S. (2020). Transesterification of soybean oil at room temperature using biowaste as catalyst; an experimental investigation on the effect of co-solvent on biodiesel yield. Renewable Energy, 162, 98-111. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.08.011.
[21] Liu, L., Chen, X., Hao, L., Zhang, G., Jin, Z., Li, C., Yang, Y., Rao, J., & Chen, B. (2022). Traditional fermented soybean products: Processing, flavor formation, nutritional and biological activities. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(7), 1971-1989. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1848792.
[22] Murach, O., Onychko, V., & Berdin, S. (2020). Individual productivity of soybean plants under the action of microbial preparation and plant growth regulator. In Proceedings of the 2nd international scientific and practical conference “Innovations and prospects of world science” (pp. 23-29). Vancouver: Perfect Publishing.
[23] Orozco-Mosqueda, M.D., Flores, A., Rojas-Sánchez, B., Urtis-Flores, C.A., Morales-Cedeño, L.R., Valencia-Marin, M.F., Chávez-Avila, S., Rojas-Solis, D., & Santoyo, G. (2021). Plant growth-promoting bacteria as bioinoculants: attributes and challenges for sustainable crop improvement. Agronomy, 11(6), article number 1167. doi: 10.3390/agronomy11061167.
[24] Rahimova, G.Y. (2023). Agrobiological properties of bentonite in agriculture. Gospodarka i Innowacje, 40, 179-183.
[25] Raimi, A., Roopnarain, A., & Adeleke, R. (2021). Biofertilizer production in Africa: Current status, factors impeding adoption and strategies for success. Scientific African, 11, article number e00694. doi: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00694.
[26] Ramakrishnan, B., Maddela, N.R., Venkateswarlu, K., & Megharaj, M. (2021). Organic farming: Does it contribute to contaminant-free produce and ensure food safety? Science of the Total Environment, 769, article number 145079. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145079.
[27] Suman, J., Rakshit, A., Ogireddy, S.D., Singh, S., Gupta, C., & Chandrakala, J. (2022). Microbiome as a key player in sustainable agriculture and human health. Frontiers in Soil Science, 2, article number 821589. doi: 10.3389/fsoil.2022.821589.
[28] Tammam, A.A., Rabei Abdel Moez Shehata, M., Pessarakli, M., & El-Aggan, W.H. (2023). Vermicompost and its role in alleviation of salt stress in plants – I. Impact of vermicompost on growth and nutrient uptake of salt-stressed plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 46(7), 1446-1457. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2022.2072741.
[29] Tripathi, P., Na, C.I., & Kim, Y. (2021). Effect of silicon fertilizer treatment on nodule formation and yield in soybean (Glycine max L.). European Journal of Agronomy, 122, article number 126172. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2020.126172.
[30] Vogel, J.T., Liu, W., Olhoft, P., Crafts-Brandner, S.J., Pennycooke, J.C., & Christiansen, N. (2021). Soybean yield formation physiology – a foundation for precision breeding based improvement. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, article number 719706. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719706.