Drug-induced liver injury leads to significant morbidity and mortality due to the development of severe complications, making it a leading cause of acute liver failure in animals. Among medications with direct cytotoxic effects on liver cells, tetracycline antibiotics are notable, as improper use can induce fatty liver disease. This study aimed to examine changes in the blood lipid profile of laboratory rats with tetracycline-induced liver damage, alongside assessing the corrective potential of milk phospholipids. The lipid composition of native blood was analysed using thin-layer chromatography. The findings indicate that, in cases of artificially induced tetracycline liver damage in rats, there was a deficit in all five indicators of the native blood lipid profile, including a 30.8% reduction in total lipids, a 45.3% decrease in triacylglycerols, a 37.0% decline in phospholipids, a 46.2% drop in free fatty acids, a 23.1% decrease in free cholesterol, and a 32.0% reduction in esterified cholesterol, compared to the control. This may be attributed to diminished appetite in affected animals, insufficient lipid absorption in the digestive tract, and the inhibition of endogenous lipid synthesis in the livers of affected rats. The administration of milk phospholipids as the dietary supplement “FLP-MD” to diseased animals demonstrated a pronounced corrective effect, manifested by the restoration of quantitative parameters across all studied lipid fractions and their overall content. Oral administration of this supplement to clinically healthy rats showed no toxic impact on liver cells or the organism as a whole. Additionally, a tendency towards an increase in the absolute content of most examined blood lipid fractions was observed. Thus, this experimental study revealed marker changes in the quantitative parameters of the native blood of the laboratory rats, lipid profile, which may be valuable in understanding the pathogenesis of tetracycline-induced injury in mammals and testing newly developed hepatoprotective agents
corrective therapy, milk phospholipids, fatty liver disease, thin-layer chromatography, lipid fractions
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