Determination of heart rate variability as an indicator of the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system in pigs

V. Todoryuk, V. Karpovsky, O. Zhurenko, D. Kryvoruchko, V. Zhurenko, S. Krawchuk, P. Khyminets
Abstract

were slightly lower at 54±1.24 beats/min and higher at 1.12±0.03 s (р≤0.001). In addition, sympathotonic pigs were characterized by the largest amplitude of the distribution mode of 39.55±2.23% (р≤0.001). It was somewhat lower in normotonics 25.00±0.83% and the lowest in vagotonics 11.90±0.54% (р≤0.001). The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum value of the mode was in vagotonic animals (0.25±0.01 s, p≤0.001), slightly lower in normotonic animals (0.13±0.01 s) and the lowest in sympathotonic animals (0, 07±0.01 s, p≤0.05). In vagotonic animals, on the contrary, a lower heart rate (р≤0.001), a longer R-R interval (р≤0.001), a smaller amplitude of the mode (р≤0.001), a lower stress index, an autonomous rhythm index, an autonomous balance index (р≤ 0.001), a greater difference between the maximum and minimum value of the mode (Δx). Thus, taking into account the obtained results, pigs, depending on the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system, have differences in the activity of the cardiovascular system Research and study of the role of the autonomic nervous system in regulating the activity of the cardiovascular system in animals is relevant, as it will allow to deepen the existing knowledge about the vegetative regulation of the physiological functions of the pig body. The aim of the work was to study indicators of heart rate variability depending on the tone of the autonomic nervous system in pigs. Experimental studies were conducted on pigs. Three groups of animals were formed: normotonics, sympathotonics and vagotonics. On the basis of the conducted research, it was established that the normotonic animals had average values of the indicators that were studied in comparison with other experimental groups. In sympathotonic animals, a high heart rate of 95±1.41 beats/min (p≤0.001) and a low R-R interval intensity of 0.63±0.01 s (р≤0.001) were established. In vagotonics, these indicators

Keywords

normotonics, sympathotonics, vagotonics, pigs, autonomic nervous system

Suggested citation
Todoryuk, V., Karpovsky, V., Zhurenko, O., Kryvoruchko, D., Zhurenko, V., Krawchuk, S., & Khyminets, P. (2023). Determination of heart rate variability as an indicator of the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system in pigs. Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 19(6). https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi6(106).2023.018
References

[1] Bellato, A., Arora, I., Hollis, C., & Groom, M.J. (2020). Is autonomic nervous system function atypical in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the evidence. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 108, 182-206. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.11.001.

[2] Devi, S., Varshney, J.P., Panchasara, H.H., & Patel, R.M. (2022). Electrocardiographic variables in Kankrej cattle calves. Journal of Animal Research, 12(2), 199-204. doi: 10.30954/2277940X.02.2022.6.

[3] Emelyanova, A.S., Kashirina, L.G., Stepura, E.E., Emelyanov, S.D., & Borycheva, Y.P. (2020). Dynamics of variability of the animal heart rhythm and its correlation with economic parameters and age. BIO Web of Conferences, 17, article number 00095. doi: 10.1051/bioconf/20201700095.

[4] Gibbons, C.H. (2019). Basics of autonomic nervous system function. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 160, 407-418. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00027-8.

[5] Danchuk, O.V., Postoi, R.V., Karpovskyi, V.I., et al. (2016). Intensity of lipid peroxidation in piglets’ erythrocytes under the action of micellar form of tocopherol. Scientific Bulletin of NUBiP of Ukraine. Series Veterinary Medicine, Quality and Safety of Livestock Products, 237, 164-170.

[6] Karpovskyi, P.V., Postoi, R.V., Karpovskyi, V.V., Landsman, A.O., Skrypkyna, V.M. (2015). Dependence of hematological parameters on the features of cortical and autonomic nervous regulation in pigs. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. Series "Animal Husbandry", 1(36), 8-11.

[7] Karpovskyi, P.V. (2019). Influence of cortico-autonomic regulatory mechanisms on the dynamics of nonspecific immunity indicators in pigs. Veterinary Medicine of Ukraine, 5(231), 20-23.

[8] Karpovskyi, P.V., Postoi, R.V., Krivoruchko, D.I., Karpovskyi, V.I., Trokoz, V.O., Danchuk, O.V., et al. (2013). Some indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in the blood serum of pigs with different autonomic nervous system tone. Scientific Bulletin of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S.Z. Gzhytskyi, 15(3-2), 101-105.

[9] Landsman, A.O., Karpovskyi, V.V., Postoi, R.V., Karpovskyi, V.I., Trokoz, V.O., Kryvoruchko, D.I. (2015). Features of lipid metabolism in the liver of pigs with different types of higher nervous activity. Scientific Bulletin of NULES of Ukraine, 227, 139-144.

La Maestra, R., Murdaca, B., Merola, G., Albanese, M., Passantino, A., & Pugliese, M. (2021). Electrocardiographic examination in calves: A preliminary study. Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti - Classe di Scienze Medico-Biologiche, 109(2), 1-5.

[10] Mulkey, S.B., & du Plessis, A.J. (2019). Autonomic nervous system development and its impact on neuropsychiatric outcome. Pediatric Research, 85(2), 120-126. doi: 10.1038/s41390-018-0155-0.

[11] Quevedo, D.A., Lourenço, M.L.G., Bolaños, C.D., Alfonso, A., Ulian, C., & Chiacchio, S.B. (2019). Maternal, fetal and neonatal heart rate and heart rate variability in Holstein cattle. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 39, 286-291. doi: 10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-5757.

[12] Scoley, G., Gordon, A., & Morrison, S. (2019). Using non-invasive monitoring technologies to capture behavioural, physiological and health responses of dairy calves to different nutritional regimes during the first ten weeks of life. Animals, 9(10), Article 760. doi: 10.3390/ani9100760.

[13] Trokoz, V.O., Trokoz, A.V., Karpovskyi, P.V., Danchuk, O.V., Karpovskyi, V.V., Karpovskyi, V.I., & Postoi, R.V. (2014). Methods of rapid assessment of conditioned reflex activity of pigs. Certificate on copyright registration for scientific writing No. 56043. Kyiv: State Service of Intellectual Authority of Ukraine.

[14] Shesterinska, V.V., Trokoz, V.O., Karpovskyi, V.I., Danchuk, O.V., Postoi, R.V., Trokoz, A.V., & Landsman, A.O. (2014). Content of glucose, lactate and pyruvate in the blood serum of pigs with different types of higher nervous activity. Animal Biology, 16(2), 158-162.

[15] Turini, L., Bonelli, F., Lanatà, A., Vitale, V., Nocera, I., Sgorbini, M., & Mele, M. (2022). Validation of a new smart textiles biotechnology for heart rate variability monitoring in sheep. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 15(9), Article 678671. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.10182.