Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine

Antibiotic resistance as a global problem in the context of biosecurity

O. Demyаnyuk, L. Symochko, Olena Naumovska, I. Vlasenko, V. Symochko
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Abstract

Unreasonable (Unjustified), excessive and uncontrolled use of antibiotics in the field of healthcare and agriculture sectors has become the main reason for the formation of antibiotic resistance (AR) and the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the environment. Every year the growth of AR is recorded in the world, which has become a challenge for humanity. The WHO (World Health Organization) has recognized the problem of AR as one of the 10 global threats to public health facing humanity, which causes about 700,000 deaths per year in the world, and endangers the possibility of achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, in particular goal No. 3 " Ensuring healthy lifestyles and promoting well-being for everyone at all ages." And it also causes(carries) significant socio-economic losses and unpredictable environmental consequences. The purpose of the research is to analyze modern data on the formation and spread of AR and modern approaches to solving the AR problem at the global level. By using a systematic approach, content analysis, bibliosemantics and scientometrics methods, analysis and generalization of data from modern scientific sources, statistics (statistical data) of leading international organizations involved(engaged) in monitoring AR and solving the problem of spreading AR were carried out. This review demonstrates the relevance of the problem of resistance of microorganisms (problem of antimicrobial resistance) to antibiotics, the main mechanisms of the development and spread of AR, the global scope(scale) and consequences of AR, and aims to provide an insight into international initiatives to reduce AR, in particular the Concept of "One Health" (the "One Health" Concept) and the strategies that are currently being implemented. Solving the AR problem requires a comprehensive (an integrated) approach, which includes mandatory systematic monitoring of the state of resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics, control of the use of antimicrobial drugs and educational programs to prevent the misuse of antibiotics, environmentally safe methods of waste disposal of medical, food and other industries that produce or use antibiotics, and their safe disposal, etc. In perspective (In the future), it is relevant to study the environmental consequences associated with the waste of(from) medical, food, and agricultural enterprises that produce or use antibiotics, and their safe disposal.

Keywords

antibiotic resistance (antimicrobial resistance), resistome, human health, animal health, environment, "One Health" Concept, pollution

Suggested citation
Demyаnyuk, O., Symochko, L., Naumovska, O., Vlasenko, I., & Symochko, V. (2023). Antibiotic resistance as a global problem in the context of biosecurity. Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi1(101).2023.001
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