Наукові доповіді Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України

Обґрунтування типу підвіски одновісного причепа для транспортування плодів

Віктор Мартишко, Юрій Гуменюк, Роман Осадчий, Олександр Карлаш, Богдан Горіславський
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Анотація

The relevance of the study is due to the importance of preserving fruit products, the quality of which is affected by mechanical damage to fruits during transportation, associated with specific difficulties due to their substantial sensitivity to mechanical influences, so reducing the dynamic impact on fruits requires improving the design parameters of special vehicles and recommendations for their use. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative examination of the level of vertical accelerations of a trailer with balanced and unbalanced suspensions and prove the feasibility of using the latter for fruit transportation. The influence of design parameters and operational factors of singleaxle trailers on vertical accelerations and their distribution in the energy spectrum of vehicle vibrations during fruit transportation was assessed. Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted, and a comparative analysis of vertical accelerations of two types of suspensions was performed. In the course of theoretical research, a differential equation for estimating the level of vertical accelerations was solved, considering the following factors: suspension type; balancer parameters; road profile irregularities; radial deformation and tire stiffness; speed of the vehicle. An experimental evaluation of vertical accelerations of a single-axle trailer with balanced and unbalanced suspensions was conducted when transporting fruits in a garden on a dirt Inter-block road to confirm the results of theoretical studies. The results showed that the RMS values of vertical accelerations in the operating speed range that occur in trailers with unbalanced suspension are higher than in trailers with balanced suspension. The dominance of harmonics of vertical vibrations in the range of 1.75-2 Hz was established, which accounted for more than 55% of the power of the acceleration spectrum, which is crucial for assessing fruit damage. It was experimentally proven that at an average transportation speed (about 20 km/h), the level of vertical accelerations of a trailer with both suspensions did not exceed the permissible level. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of applying the results obtained in the design and improvement of single-axle trailers for fruit transportation, which will help reduce product losses and increase the efficiency of horticultural farms

Ключові слова

нерівності ґрунту; коливання; механічні пошкодження плодів; диференціальні рівняння; вертикальні прискорення; амплітудно-частотні характеристики

ЦИТУВАТИ
Martishko, V., Humeniuk, Yu., Osadchyi, R., Karlash, O., & Horislavsky, B. (2025). Justification of the suspension type of a single-axle fruit transport trailer. Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 21(3),114-127. https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi/3.2025.114
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