Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine

Adaptive potential and breeding value of daikon varieties (Raphanus sativus L. convar. acanthiformis Sazon.) under different sowing dates in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Іvаn Fedоsіу, Oleksandr Komar, Iryna Bobos, Olena Siedova, Mykhailo Retman
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Abstract

Global climate change and the shifting of agroclimatic zones in Ukraine necessitate a revision of traditional elements of vegetable crop cultivation technology to ensure stable food security. The aim of the study was to evaluate the adaptive potential of daikon varieties depending on sowing dates in order to achieve stable yields under modern agroclimatic transformations. Analysis of variance (Type III SS) showed that 92.5% of yield variation was determined by the studied factors. The greatest influence was exerted by sowing date (62.6%, p < 0.001), which significantly exceeded the effect of variety (15.4%, p < 0.001), while the influence of year was minor (4.1%, p < 0.001). Among interactions, only the “sowing date × year” combination was statistically significant (7.5%, p < 0.001). All varieties were characterised by high relative stability (Sgi 6.0-14.4%). According to ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test, significant differences between varieties were established for most sowing dates (p < 0.05). The variety ‘Minowase’ outperformed ‘Gulliver’ in the second ten-day period of July to the first ten-day period of August (50.8-58.9 vs 47.4-54.6 t/ha). The early sowing date (first ten-day period of July) did not provide significant differences between genotypes. All varieties showed high plasticity, except for ‘Gulliver’ in the early sowing period (bi = -0.39). Reduced plasticity for ‘Minowase’ was observed in the first ten-day period of August (bi = 0.89). The highest sensitivity to environmental conditions was recorded for the second ten-day period of July (bi = 1.43-2.20). The highest breeding value indices were obtained for sowing in the first ten-day period of August (34.8-40.9), which was associated with high yield (51.0-56.4 t/ha) and stability (2.9-3.1). The results substantiate the expediency of using the variety ‘Minowase’ and optimising sowing dates (late July – early August) as an effective agrotechnological tool for increasing productivity and stability of daikon cultivation under climate change conditions

Keywords

ecological plasticity; genotype stability; root yield; hydrothermal stressgthtrkfl; adaptive capacity

Suggested citation
Fedоsіу, І., Komar, O., Bobos, I., Siedova, O., & Retman, M. (2026). Adaptive potential and breeding value of daikon varieties (Raphanus sativus L. convar. acanthiformis Sazon.) under different sowing dates in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Scientific Reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 22(2),36-50. https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi/2.2026.36
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